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KMID : 1156220190450010071
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2019 Volume.45 No. 1 p.71 ~ p.81
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Analysis of Affecting Factors on Exposure Assessment Errors and Characteristics of Applicants for Damage by Usage of Humidifier Disinfectants
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Ryu Hyeon-Su
Jo Eun-Kyung
Choi Yoon-Hyeong
Lee Seul-A
Yoon Jeong-Gyo
Kwak Jung-Hyun
Park Jin-Hyeon
Heo Jung
Kim Pan-Gyi
Yang Won-Ho
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Abstract
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Objectives: The lung injuries by exposure to the humidifier disinfectants (HDs) were reported in 2011, Korea. For the HD victims, environmental exposure level and clinical diagnosis were conducted to determine the levels of damage by HDs.
Methods: The exposure assessment to the HDs from 1st to 4th questionnaire surveys were carried out for 5,245 victims. And the affecting factors of exposure levels were analyzed by characterizing exposure and demographic information. By using of exposure concentration and cumulative time, exposure levels were classified and compared by percentage of clinical diagnosis classes. The high exposure and low clinical diagnosis rating groups, and low exposure and high clinical diagnosis rating groups were analyzed to overcome the limitation of past exposure assessment such as recall bias.
Results: Among the all applicants damaged by the humidifier disinfectants, survivors were 4,028 and the dead were 1,217. And male and female were 2,675, and 2,547, respectively. In case of occurrence age of lung disease, under 10 years was majority age group (1,536) and followed by thirties (917). Pregnant women and fetuses were 339 and 439, respectively. And the damages by exposure to the HDs were concentrated on these susceptible populations in groups with low exposure and high clinical diagnosis rating. On the other hand, the groups classified by high exposure and low clinical diagnosis rating were shown different characterization.
Conclusions: The questionnaire survey on past exposure may be uncertain due to recall bias. However, the relationship between classified exposure levels and clinical diagnosis ratings might be shown positive correlation if the exposure assessment errors were analyzed and controlled.
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KEYWORD
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Humidifier disinfectant, Environmental exposure assessment, Survey questionnaire, Lung disease
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